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Student[NumericalAnalysis]

  

LinearSolve

  

numerically approximate the solution to a linear system

 

Calling Sequence

Parameters

Options

Description

Examples

Calling Sequence

LinearSolve(A, b, opts)

LinearSolve(A, opts)

Parameters

A

-

Matrix; a square  matrix or an augmented (A|b)  matrix where

b

-

(optional) Vector or Matrix; a vector of length  or a matrix of column length

opts

-

(optional) equation(s) of the form keyword = value, where keyword is one of initialapprox, maxiterations, method, stoppingcriterion, tolerance; options for numerically approximating the solution to a linear system

Options

• 

initialapprox = Vector or Matrix

  

The initial approximation. To obtain a float solution instead of an exact solution, the initialapprox should contain floats instead of integers. By default, a zero vector is used.

• 

maxiterations = posint

  

The maximum number of iterations to perform while approximating the solution to .  If the maximum number of iterations is reached and the solution is not within the specified tolerance, a plot of distances can still be returned. By default, maxiterations = 20.

• 

method = jacobi, gaussseidel, SOR(numeric), LU, LU[tridiagonal], PLU, or PLU[scaled]

  

The method to use when solving the linear system . Please see the Notes section for sufficient conditions for convergence. This option is required. Each method is described below:

– 

jacobi : The Jacobi method. Optionally, the stoppingcriterion, maxiterations, initialapprox and tolerance options may be specified as well.

– 

gaussseidel : The Gauss-Seidel method. Optionally, the stoppingcriterion, maxiterations, initialapprox and tolerance options may be specified as well.

– 

SOR(w) : The Successive Overrelaxation method with w as its extrapolation factor. Optionally, the stoppingcriterion, maxiterations, initialapprox and tolerance options may be specified as well.

– 

LU and LU[tridiagonal] : LU Decomposition. This method performs LU factorization on A and then solves the subsequent systems. None of the remaining options are used with this method. An error will be raised if the LU[tridiagonal] method is specified and A is not tridiagonal.

– 

PLU and PLU[scaled] :  PLU Decomposition. This method performs PLU factorization on A and then solves the subsequent systems. None of the remaining options are used with this method.

• 

stoppingcriterion = distance(norm)

  

The stopping criterion for an iterative technique; it is of the form stoppingcriterion=distance(norm), where distance is either relative or absolute and norm is a nonnegative integer, infinity, or Euclidean. By default, stoppingcriterion=relative(infinity).

• 

tolerance = positive

  

The tolerance of the approximation. By default, a tolerance of  is used.

Description

• 

The LinearSolve command numerically approximates the solution to the linear system , using the specified method.

• 

The IterativeApproximate command and the MatrixDecomposition command are both used by the LinearSolve command.

• 

If b is a matrix, then the systems  will be solved for each column  of , and hence there will be multiple solutions returned.

• 

Different options are required to be specified in opts, depending on the method.  These dependencies are outlined in the Options section.

• 

The Notes section in the Student[NumericalAnalysis][IterativeApproximate] help page lists conditions under which the Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, and successive over-relaxation iterative methods produce a solution.

Examples

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Try solving multiple systems (but with the same coefficient Matrix)

(5)

(6)

See Also

Student[LinearAlgebra]

Student[NumericalAnalysis]

Student[NumericalAnalysis][BackSubstitution]

Student[NumericalAnalysis][ComputationOverview]

Student[NumericalAnalysis][ForwardSubstitution]

Student[NumericalAnalysis][IterativeApproximate]

Student[NumericalAnalysis][MatrixDecomposition]

 


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