Solving ODEs That Do Not Contain Either the Dependent or Independent Variable
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Description
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The general form of an nth order ODE that is missing the dependent variable is:
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missing_y_ode := F(x,'seq(diff(y(x),x$i),i=1..n)');
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where F is an arbitrary function of its arguments. The order can be reduced by introducing a new variable p(x) = diff(y(x),x). If the reduced ODE can be solved for p(x), the solution to the original ODE is determined as a quadrature.
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The general form of an nth order ODE that is missing the independent variable is:
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missing_x_ode := F(y(x),'seq(diff(y(x),x$i),i=1..n)');
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where F is an arbitrary function of its arguments. The transformation
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yields a reduction of order. If the reduced ODE can be solved for p(y), the solution to the original ODE can be given implicitly as
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x = Int(1/p(y),y) + _C1;
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See Murphy, "Ordinary Differential Equations and their Solutions", 1960, sections B2(1,2), and C2(1,2).
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Examples
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Explicit and implicit answers can be tested, in principle, using odetest:
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In the case of multiple answers it is convenient to "map" odetest as follows:
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The most general third order ODE missing x. This ODE cannot be solved to the end: its solution involves the solving of the most general second order ODE. However, its differential order can be reduced (see ?dsolve,ODESolStruc):
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The most general third order ODE missing y.
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See Also
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DEtools, odeadvisor, dsolve, and ?odeadvisor,<TYPE> where <TYPE> is one of: quadrature, missing, reducible, linear_ODEs, exact_linear, exact_nonlinear; for other differential orders see odeadvisor,types.
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